penalty for breach of a contract

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• CONTRACT — (Heb. חוֹזֶה, ḥozeh), in general law theory a legally binding agreement between two or more parties, in terms of which one party undertakes for the benefit of the other to perform or refrain from a certain act. As such, contract is the main… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

• contract — con·tract 1 / kän ˌtrakt/ n [Latin contractus from contrahere to draw together, enter into (a relationship or agreement), from com with, together + trahere to draw] 1: an agreement between two or more parties that creates in each party a duty to… …   Law dictionary

• penalty clause — n 1: a clause (as in a contract) that calls for a penalty to be paid or suffered by a party under specified terms (as in the event of a breach) and that is usu. unenforceable ◇ A penalty clause differs from a liquidated damages clause by not… …   Law dictionary

• penalty — pen·al·ty / pen əl tē/ n pl ties 1: a punishment that is imposed on a wrongdoer by statute or judicial decision 2: a pecuniary sum that by agreement is to be paid by a party who fails to fulfill an obligation to another and that is punitive… …   Law dictionary

• penalty — n. (pl. ies) 1 a a punishment, esp. a fine, for a breach of law, contract, etc. b a fine paid. 2 a disadvantage, loss, etc., esp. as a result of one s own actions (paid the penalty for his carelessness). 3 a a disadvantage imposed on a competitor …   Useful english dictionary

• penalty — [pen′əl tē] n. pl. penalties [LME penalyte < ML poenalitas < L poenalis: see PENAL] 1. a punishment fixed by law, as for a crime or breach of contract 2. the disadvantage, suffering, handicap, etc. imposed upon an offender or one who does… …   English World dictionary

• penalty — An elastic term with many different shades of meaning; it involves idea of punishment, corporeal or pecuniary, or civil or criminal, although its meaning is generally confined to pecuniary punishment. Allied v. Graves, 261 N.C. 31, 134 S.E.2d 186 …   Black's law dictionary

• penalty — In the broad sense of the term, the consequences visited by law upon the heads of those who violate the law, particularly provisions of the criminal law and police regulations. A punishment for the nonperformance of an act or for the performance… …   Ballentine's law dictionary

• South African contract law — is essentially a modernised version of the Roman Dutch law of contract, [1] which is itself rooted in Roman law. In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement entered into by two or more parties with the serious intention of creating a… …   Wikipedia

• Glossary of contract bridge terms — These terms are used in Contract bridge[1][2] , or the earlier game Auction bridge, using duplicate or rubber scoring. Some of them are also used in Whist, Bid whist, and other trick taking games. This glossary supplements the Glossary of card… …   Wikipedia

• Civil penalty — A civil penalty or civil fine is a term used to describe when a state entity, government agency, or private party seeks monetary relief against an individual as restitution for wrongdoing by the individual. The wrongdoing is typically defined by… …   Wikipedia